In August 2021, the Climate and Resilience Law marked France’s desire to accelerate the development of renewable energies. Resulting from the work of the Citizen Convention, it affirms the ambition toAchieve carbon neutrality in 2050. Among the measures voted: a Reinforcement of photovoltaic bonds For industrial and tertiary buildings. If this obligation was introduced in 2019 by the Climate Energy Law, it is now extended to extensions. The threshold of the surfaces concerned is also lowered. What are the new rules? How to properly size your installation to take advantage of this constraint? Decryption of article 101 of the Climate and Resilience law, modifying the town planning code.
New photovoltaic bonds for building constructions and extensions
What are the photovoltaic obligations of the Climate and Resilience Law?
The Climate and resilience law is part of the continuity of the Climate Energy Law. it forces to Ienter In constructions of Industrial or tertiary buildings A renewable energy production systems or a revegetation system. It must represent a minimum of 30% of the surface of the roof, 50% of parking areas or 100% of parking shades. The novelty? This standard is extended to extensions existing buildings.
Which buildings are affected by the installation of photovoltaic systems?
The Climate and Resilience Law raises the thresholds set by the Climate Energy Law. Photovoltaic bonds apply to:
- any new construction and extension of Over 500 m² of footprint dedicated to a commercial, industrial, craft activity or covered public parking
- brand new Building with offices on an area of more than 1,000 m².
According to government estimates, this lowering of the threshold will make it possible to include in the system 2,100 to 2,500 buildings per year, i.e. 1.5 to 1.8 million m² per year of roofs. The obligation relating to 30% of the areas is 450,000 to 540,000 m2 that will have to be equipped with solar or green panels.
What is the implementation schedule?
The law provides for two-step implementation:
- · from January 1, 2023 for thehe new commercial, industrial, artisanal buildings or warehouses and sheds of more than 500 m2, and office buildings of more than 1000 m².
- · from January 1, 2024 for thes new parking lots of more than 500 m².
Choosing the right photovoltaic installation
How to transform this legislative constraint into an advantage? By making the right technical and financial choices.
Technical criteria for a high-performance installation
All new buildings are concerned regardless of their geographical location, the sunshine rate of the region and any environmental shade. Not all sites will therefore have the ideal conditions for a powerful photovoltaic installation. Fortunately there are solutions to obtain optimal performance:
- · Opt for panels to reduce environmental constraints : monocrystalline, polycrystalline or high yield, there are different technologies with higher or lower yields.
- · Play orientation and inclination : contrary to popular belief, All directions are profitable, except North, North-West and North-East.
- · Ensure maintenance solar panels and protect them from high temperatures.
The power of the facility is to be determined based on the area covered, the investment capacity and the estimation of needs. If a minimum area of 30 m² is imposed, the maximum area is not regulated.
How much does a photovoltaic system cost?
The cost of the photovoltaic installation will be very variable, depending on the type of structure and panels chosen, the surface covered and the installed power. The price of the smallest facilities, between 3 and 9 kWp, varies from €9,000 to €25,000. For a 100 kWp solar power plant, you can count between 60,000 to 180,000 €. A wide range that can only be specified by a professional.
To finance the installation, professionals can benefit, like individuals, from the Self-consumption premium and of Electricity purchase price In case of resale of production. Since October 6, 2021, all installations up to 500 kWp are eligible for the purchase obligation, provided that they have a carbon footprint below 550 kg CO2/KWC eq.
Other good news: since March 22, 2022, the remediation rate has increased by 40 to 60%, making it possible to reduce the connection costs of the photovoltaic installation.
Self-consume or resell?
There are two uses of electricity produced by a photovoltaic power plant: the resale of part or all of the production or self-consumption. All combinations are possible. You can choose to self-consume all of its production, resell all of its production, or self-consume part of it and resell the rest.
The advantages of reselling photovoltaic production
resale consists of injecting all or part of the Electricity generation in the network public distribution.
The redemption tariff is set by the State and and guaranteed over 20 years. This solution ensures a Regular income who participates in the financing of the facility and throttle lA profitability. Purchase rates vary from €0.06 to €0.1814 per kWh depending on the power of the installation and the share of electricity production resold.
To choose this option, you must sign an energy purchase contract with EDF Purchase obligation. The device of the photovoltaic open window makes it possible not to proceed with a competition for installations up to 500 kWp.
The advantages of self-consumption
Self-consumption refers to the fact of consuming its own production of electricity.
This choice allows the professional to make his installation profitable thanks to the Savings on electricity bills.
Self-consumption is also a way to meet the obligations of the tertiary decree. Entered into force in October 2019, it aims to reduce energy consumption in the tertiary sector. From 2022, professionals will have to declare their consumption each year and justify their efforts to reduce them. A self-consuming company will be considered to have reduced its electricity consumption from the public network (proposal of internal mesh to the article on the tertiary decree).
The climate and resilience law aims to accelerate the transition to renewable energies by focusing on photovoltaics. Yes, this measure can be seen as a constraint. but it can also be An opportunity for professionals, on the condition of making the right choices. How? By integrating a photovoltaic financial and technical study as soon as the construction or extension project of an industrial or tertiary building is launched.
A high-performance solar power plant is assured profitability in the long term, a gesture for the environment and an asset for the company’s image.
Sources:
Climate and Resilience Law:
https://terresolaire.com/blog/solar-regulation/loi-climat-et-resilience-photovoltaic
Photovoltaic solutions:
https://opera-energie.com/solar panels/#:~:text=sur%20la%20toiture,de%20lui%20give%20une%20utility.
https://www.otovo.fr/blog/le-solaire-et-vous/yield-solar panel
Turnkey photovoltaic building:
https://opera-energie.com/building-photovoltaic-cle-en-main/
https://arkolia-energies.com/hangar-agricole-photovoltaic
https://www.otovo.fr/blog/le-solaire-et-vous/hangar-photovoltaic
Costs:
https://mypower.engie.fr/solar energy/conseils/rentalability-solar-panel.html
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